Resolved Multi-element Stellar Chemical Abundances in Lensed Quiescent Galaxies at z ∼ 2

Marziye Jafariyazani

Carnegie Observatories & University of California, Riverside

Abstract: Measuring the chemical composition of galaxies is crucial to our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution models. However, such measurements are extremely challenging for quiescent galaxies at high redshifts, which have faint stellar continua and compact sizes, making it difficult to detect absorption lines and nearly impossible to spatially resolve them. Gravitational lensing offers the opportunity to study these galaxies with detailed spectroscopy that can be even spatially resolved. In this talk, I will first give an introduction on the chemical evolution modeling of galaxies and its current challenges. Then I will present my results on analyzing the spectra of MRG-M0138, the brightest lensed quiescent galaxy at z ~ 2. Taking advantage of full spectral fitting, I measure [Mg/Fe], [Fe/H] and, for the first time, the stellar abundances of 6 other elements in this galaxy. I further constrained, also for the first time in a z ∼ 2 galaxy, radial gradients in stellar age, [Fe/H], and [Mg/Fe]. I will discuss how these measurements challenge simple galactic chemical evolution models that vary only the star formation timescale and show the need for more elaborate models. Lastly, I will present our preliminary results on extending such measurements for a few more lensed quiescent galaxies at high redshifts.

یکشنبه 16 آذر 1399، ساعت 19:00

Sunday 6 December 2020 – 19:00 Tehran Time

اتاق سمینار مجازی –Virtual Seminar Room

https://vc.sharif.edu/ch/cosmology

گزینه ورود به صورت مهمان – Enter as a Guest

Probing the particle nature of dark matter with strong gravitational lensing

Yashar Hezaveh

Department of Physics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada

Abstract: The nature of dark matter is one of the most important outstanding questions in modern cosmology and astrophysics. Uncovering the properties of the dark matter particle could result in significant leaps in our understanding of fundamental physics and impact numerous astrophysical models. It is well understood that the microphysics of the dark matter particle impacts its clustering properties on different scales. The most widely accepted dark matter model, cold dark matter, has had tremendous success explaining the large-scale structure of the universe. However, it has faced many challenges for its predictions of the distribution of matter on small, sub-galactic scales, with some observations seemingly favoring a warm dark matter alternative. A definitive answer to this question can only be achieved by mapping the distribution of dark matter on small scales with a purely gravitational probe. Strong gravitational lensing is the only probe capable of doing this at cosmological distances. In this talk, I will discuss how the discovery of a new population of strong gravitational lenses, a new observatory, ALMA, and new advances in analysis methods are allowing us to map the distribution of dark matter on small scales with high precision. In the coming years, thousands of new lenses from large surveys (e.g., LSST), existing and new facilities (e.g., ALMA, JWST, TMT), and new analysis methods (machine learning) will transform this field, allowing us to understand the small-scale behavior of dark matter with unprecedented accuracy and precision, opening a new window for testing dark matter models in a previously inaccessible regime.

یکشنبه 9 آذر 1399، ساعت 17:00

Sunday 29 November 2020 – 17:00 Tehran Time

اتاق سمینار مجازی –Virtual Seminar Room

https://vc.sharif.edu/ch/cosmology

گزینه ورود به صورت مهمان – Enter as a Guest

Planet demographics and atmospheres – The key to life beyond Earth?

Martin Dominik

School of Physics and Astronomy – University of St Andrews

 Abstract: It is widely portrayed that the study of planet demographics and atmospheres will provide us with crucial insight on whether biology is universal or life is a feature specific to planet Earth. This is far less straightforward than it might look like at first sight. Notably, there are substantial methodological gaps for advancing towards such goals and several current approaches might well turn out to result in a dead end.

یکشنبه 2 آذر 1399، ساعت 19:00

Sunday 22 November 2020 – 19:00 Tehran Time

اتاق سمینار مجازی –Virtual Seminar Room

https://vc.sharif.edu/ch/cosmology

گزینه ورود به صورت مهمان – Enter as a Guest

4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity

Zahra Haghani

School of Physics, Damghan University

Abstract: In this talk, I will consider the gravitational theory known as the “novel 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet’’ gravity.  First I will have a short review on Lovelock theory and then introduce 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. This theory has the same properties as GR in a maximally symmetric background and also at the perturbative level. This degeneracy will disappear in the static spherically symmetric and FLRW spacetimes.  In the static spherically symmetric space-time the Ricci scalar does not vanish due to the contributions from the Gauss-Bonnet term. In this case, we will have two branches of solutions. At large distances, one of these branches reduces to the Schwarzschild solution with positive gravitational mass. I will also consider matter perturbations and obtain the best-fit value of the model parameter using the Hubble parameter and fσ₈ observational data and compare results with the ΛCDM model.

یکشنبه 25 آبان 1399، ساعت 19:00

Sunday 15 November 2020 – 19:00 Tehran Time

اتاق سمینار مجازی –Virtual Seminar Room

https://vc.sharif.edu/ch/cosmology

گزینه ورود به صورت مهمان – Enter as a Guest

Baryon Acoustic Oscillations

Marc Moniez

Laboratoire de l’Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, IJCLab

Abstract: The propagation of primordial density fluctuations has given rise to the appearance of very large-scale correlations in the visible Universe. We will discuss some of the observables linked to this phenomenon, particularly in optical astronomy and radio astronomy, and we will review the impact of this cosmological probe in the determination of the cosmological parameters.

یکشنبه 18 آبان 1399، ساعت 19:00

Sunday 8 November 2020 – 19:00 Tehran Time

اتاق سمینار مجازی –Virtual Seminar Room

https://vc.sharif.edu/ch/cosmology

گزینه ورود به صورت مهمان – Enter as a Guest

 سمینار مشترک گروه ذرات و کیهان‌شناسی دانشکده فیزیک 

Topological Gravity as the Early Phase of Our Universe

دکتر کامران وفا

دانشگاه هاروارد

 آقای دکتر کامران وفا پیرامون تحقیقات اخیرشان با عنوان Topological Gravity as the Early Phase of Our Universe سخنرانی خواهند نمود.آقای دکتر وفا، استاد دانشگاه هاروارد و از برجسته‌ترین فیزیکدانان شاخه انرژی‌های بالا می‌باشند که دریافت Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics و ICTP’s Dirac Medal و نیز Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics گوشه‌ای از افتخارات ایشان می‌باشد.

زمان: شنبه، 17/آبان/99 ساعت 17:00
مکان: اتاق مجازی گروه فیزیک انرژی‌های بالا

 https://vc.sharif.edu/ch/physics-high-energy

**لطفا  به  روز سمینار توجه فرمایید**

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2020: How Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez hunted the black hole in the Galactic center

Maryam Habibi

Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics

Abstract: This year’s Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to three scientists who theoretically established the existence of a black hole and proved it through actual observations. In this talk I review the past and current endeavor to study the black hole in the center of our own galaxy. I explain the monitoring of the Galactic center, which built up data over decades with continually improving astronomical instrumentation. I also explain how the Galactic center provides a case study for researchers trying to understand how a galaxy’s supermassive black hole regulates its evolution and star formation.

 سه شنبه 29 مهر 1399، ساعت   15:00

Tuesday 20 October 2020 – 15:00 Tehran Time

اتاق سمینار مجازی –Virtual Seminar Room

https://vc.sharif.edu/ch/cosmology

گزینه ورود به صورت مهمان – Enter as a Guest

Dark energy through derivatives of matter fields

Shahab Shahidi

School of Physics, Damghan University

Abstract: In this talk, I will try to explore the possibility of extracting dark energy effects from derivatives of the baryonic matter Lagrangian. I will give some motivations about the idea and then build a gravitational theory containing these derivatives. I will then investigate the background and also first order cosmological perturbations of the theory. I will find the best fit values for the model parameter using observations on the Hubble parameter and also f\sigma_8 data. We will see that the cosmological observations could be satisfied in this model, but we should care more about the accelerating phase of the universe. At last, I will give some comments about the problems and also possible solutions.

یکشنبه 20 مهر 1399، ساعت  15:00

Sunday 11 October 2020 – 15:00 Tehran Time

اتاق سمینار مجازی –Virtual Seminar Room

https://vc.sharif.edu/ch/cosmology

گزینه ورود به صورت مهمان – Enter as a Guest